The benefits of glutathione may include:
- Antioxidant activity.
Free radicals may contribute to aging and certain diseases. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals and protect the body from their damaging effects.
Glutathione is a very strong antioxidant, in part due to the high concentration of glutathione found in every cell in the body.
- Prevent cancer progression.
Some studies have shown that glutathione has a role in preventing cancer progression.
However, the same study suggests that glutathione may reduce the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy, a common cancer treatment.
More research is needed to determine the effect of glutathione on cancer.
- Reduce cell damage in liver disease.
Hepatitis, alcoholism and fatty liver disease can all damage liver cells.
A credible source of a small clinical trial in 2017 concluded that glutathione could help treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease due to its antioxidant properties and detoxification potential.
The researchers note that larger studies are needed to confirm this effect.
- Improve insulin sensitivity.
Insulin resistance can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. The production of insulin causes the body to transfer glucose (sugar) from the blood into cells that use it for energy.
A small 2018 study from a trusted source suggests that people with insulin resistance tend to have lower levels of glutathione, especially if they have experienced complications such as nerve disease or retinal disease. A 2013 study by Trusted Source came to a similar conclusion.
- Reduces symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
According to Trusted Source, a group of research organizations, there is evidence that maintaining glutathione levels may help improve symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
These findings appear to support injected glutathione as a potential treatment, but there is little evidence for oral supplementation. Further research is needed to support its use.
- Reduce the damage of ulcerative colitis.
Like other inflammatory diseases, ulcerative colitis is associated with oxidative damage and stress.
A credible source of animal studies from 2003 suggested that glutathione supplementation could ameliorate some damage to the colon in rats.
Determining the effect of glutathione on ulcerative colitis requires more research in humans.
- Treatment of autism spectrum disorders.
There is some evidence that children with autism have lower levels of glutathione than neurotypical children or those without autism.
In 2011, researchers Trusted Source found that oral glutathione supplements or injections may reduce some of the effects of autism. However, the team did not specifically look at whether symptoms improved in these children, so further research is needed to determine this effect.
Glutathione is a very strong antioxidant that the body makes and uses every day. Researchers have linked low levels to several diseases.
While supplements may be appropriate for some people, they may not be safe for everyone, and they may interact with other medications a person is taking.
Before starting a glutathione supplement, consult a doctor to determine if it is safe or effective.
