engineered, clinically available dental implants, featuring a surface nanolayer of cova- lently linked ... packaging of dental implants in saline solution, to preserve the freshly ... Measurements were performed on 4.1 × 16 Shapeone B HYHA implants ... mines the biological cascade of events at the biomaterial/host inter-.. Similar to tooth surfaces, dental implant surfaces develop complex biofilms and ... [16,18,20,28–32], but there are no studies evaluating their antibacterial acti

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